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ArchLinux 常用操作

初始化

curl https://wiki.117503445.top/linux/script/arch-init.sh | bash

https://wiki.117503445.top/linux/script/arch-init.sh

archinstall

systemctl is-system-running # 预期 running，否则检查网络或者其他问题

# 2024.8.11 systemd-userdbd 经常卡住，直接干掉就行
systemctl stop systemd-userdbd

# archinstall 可能不会覆盖原有的 mirror，导致最后使用了错误的 mirror
systemctl mask reflector.service
cat>/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<<EOF
Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/\$repo/os/\$arch
EOF

archinstall --config https://wiki.117503445.top/linux/script/user_configuration.json --creds https://wiki.117503445.top/linux/script/user_credentials.json --skip-version-check

然后修改 主机名、硬盘分区、用户密码

更新

# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Pacman/Package_signing
pacman -Sy archlinux-keyring --needed --noconfirm && pacman -Su --noconfirm

签名出错时，可以删除 gnupg 后重试

rm -rf /etc/pacman.d/gnupg

ref https://razonyang.com/zh-hans/blog/archlinux/reset-keyring/

Swap 分区

# not for Btrfs
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096 status=progress
chmod 0600 /swapfile
mkswap -U clear /swapfile
swapon /swapfile

echo "/swapfile none swap defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

ref https://wiki.archlinuxcn.org/wiki/Swap

云服务器安装

2023.01.18 阿里云 ECS 实践通过 2023.05.12 腾讯云 轻量应用服务器 实践通过

云服务器安装 ubuntu 18.04

修改 root 密码

执行脚本

wget https://felixc.at/vps2arch && chmod +x vps2arch
./vps2arch -m https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/

重启

通过 VNC 执行 reboot -f

Emoji 显示修复

在 ArchLinux 下，Emoji 往往会显示成乱码，通过修改 Fontconfig 可以解决这个问题。

首先安装 noto-fonts-emoji 字体

sudo pacman -S noto-fonts-emoji

然后修改 Fontconfig

sudo su
mkdir -p /etc/fonts/conf.avail
cat>/etc/fonts/conf.avail/75-noto-color-emoji.conf<<EOF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>

    <!-- Add generic family. -->
    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>emoji</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <!-- This adds Noto Color Emoji as a final fallback font for the default font families. -->
    <match target="pattern">
        <test name="family"><string>sans</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="append"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test name="family"><string>serif</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="append"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test name="family"><string>sans-serif</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="append"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test name="family"><string>monospace</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="append"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <!-- Block Symbola from the list of fallback fonts. -->
    <selectfont>
        <rejectfont>
            <pattern>
                <patelt name="family">
                    <string>Symbola</string>
                </patelt>
            </pattern>
        </rejectfont>
    </selectfont>

    <!-- Use Noto Color Emoji when other popular fonts are being specifically requested. -->
    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Apple Color Emoji</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Segoe UI Emoji</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Segoe UI Symbol</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Android Emoji</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Twitter Color Emoji</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Twemoji</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Twemoji Mozilla</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>TwemojiMozilla</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>EmojiTwo</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Emoji Two</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>EmojiSymbols</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

    <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Symbola</string></test>
        <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Noto Color Emoji</string></edit>
    </match>

</fontconfig>
EOF

ln -sf /etc/fonts/conf.avail/75-noto-color-emoji.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/

然后可以前往 https://github.com/13rac1/emojione-color-font/blob/master/full-demo.html 测试 Emoji 是否显示正确。

ref https://ld246.com/article/1581074244078