Linux 命令速查

tar

mydir 文件夹归档为 mydir.tar

tar -cvf mydir.tar mydir

mydir 文件夹压缩为 mydir.tar.gz

tar -zcvf mydir.tar.gz mydir

解压 mydir.tar

tar -xvf mydir.tar

解压 mydir.tar.gz

tar -zxvf mydir.tar.gz

/root/.docker 文件夹压缩为 .docker-no-data.tar, 排除 data 文件夹

tar -cvf .docker-no-data.tar --exclude="data" .docker

参数

-z 压缩
-c 建立一个压缩文件
-v 压缩时显示文件列表
-f 打包后的文件名，必须在最后

可以在 .zshrc 中添加以下代码，作为快捷方式

# create .tar
ta() { tar -cvf $1.tar $1; }
# create .tar.gz
targz() { tar -zcvf $1.tar.gz $1; }
# extract .tar
untar() { tar -xvf $1; }
# extract .tar.gz
untargz() { tar -zxvf $1; }

scp

在本地和服务器之间拷贝文件

ref https://haydenjames.io/linux-securely-copy-files-using-scp/

# Copy file from a remote host to local host
scp username@from_host:file.txt /local/directory/

# Copy file from local host to a remote host
scp file.txt username@to_host:/remote/directory/

# Copy directory from a remote host to local host
scp -r username@from_host:/remote/directory/  /local/directory/

# Copy directory from local host to a remote host
scp -r /local/directory/ username@to_host:/remote/directory/

# Copy file from remote host to remote host
scp username@from_host:/remote/directory/file.txt username@to_host:/remote/directory/

rsync

rsync server:/a.txt . --progress --partial

find

查找 ~/Desktop 路径下 tf-test.py 文件

find ~/Desktop -iname tf-test.py

大文件定位

du -h . --max-depth=1 | sort -hr | head -n 10

也可以使用 ncdu

高内存占用进程定位

ps aux|head -1;ps aux|grep -v PID|sort -rn -k +4|head

查看文件夹大小

du -h --max-depth=1 .

-h 用单位表示大小

. 要查看大小的文件夹

端口

lsof -i:8080

主机名

code /etc/hostname

重启后生效

显存

glxinfo | egrep -i 'device|memory|video'

shell set

ref https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Set-Builtin.html

-e 遇到错误立刻退出 -v 将输入打印到终端 -x 将执行的命令打印到终端

set -evx

shell write file

overvide single line

echo "this is a line" > file.txt

append single line

echo "this is a line" >> file.txt

overvide multi lines

cat << EOF > file.txt
The current working directory is: $PWD
You are logged in as $(whoami)
EOF

append multi lines

cat << EOF >> file.txt
The current working directory is: $PWD
You are logged in as $(whoami)
EOF

sed

todo

mac 上和 Linux 的表现不同

journalctl 日志查看

journalctl -u tailscaled
journalctl -f _PID=$(systemctl show --property MainPID --value tailscaled) | code -